Resource Library

This presentation was given by Aneta Siemiginowska at the 4th International X-ray Astronomy School (2005), held at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, MA.  

This page will calculate the lower and upper limits of the 95% confidence interval for the difference between two independent proportions, according to two methods described by Robert Newcombe, both derived from a procedure outlined by E.B.Wilson in 1927. The first method uses the Wilson procedure without a correction for continuity; the second uses the Wilson procedure with a correction for continuity.

This page will perform the procedure for up to k=12 sample values of r, with a minimum of k=2. It will also perform a chi-square test for the homogeneity of the k values of r, with df=k-1. The several values of r can be regarded as coming from the same population only if the observed chi-square value proves the be non-significant.

This chapter of the "Concepts and Applications of Inferential Statistics" online textbook describes in detail the Kruskal-Wallis test, it's formulas, variables, and procedures using an example involving wine-tasters.

This page performs a Kolmogorov-Smirnov "Goodness of Fit" test for categorical data. Users enter observed frequencies and expected frequencies for up to 8 mutually exclusive categories. The applet returns the critical values for the .05 and .01 levels of significance.

Calculates the z-ratio and associated one-tail and two-tail probabilities for the difference between two correlated proportions, such as might be found in the case where the proportions are based on the same sample of subjects or on matched samples.

Calculates the z-ratio and associated one-tail and two-tail probabilities for the difference between two independent proportions.

Using the Fisher r-to-z transformation, this page will calculate a value of z that can be applied to assess the significance of the difference between two correlation coefficients, r_a and r_b, found in two independent samples. If r_a is greater than r_b, the resulting value of z will have a positive sign; if r_a is smaller than r_b, the sign of z will be negative.

This page will calculate the 0.95 and 0.99 confidence intervals for rho, based on the Fisher r-to-z transformation. To perform the calculations, enter the values of r and n in the designated places, then click the "Calculate" button. Note that the confidence interval of rho is symmetrical around the observed r only with large values of n.