This chapter of the NIST Engineering Statistics handbook describes how to do a production process characterization study. It contains an introduction, discussion of the assumptions, information about data collection and analysis, and case studies.
Here one finds a collection of applets and famous problems in probability (as well as other areas of mathematics such as calculus and geometry). Some of the topics/problems include: Bertrand's Paradox, Birthday Coincidence, Buffon's Needle (Noodle), Lewis Carroll's Problem, Monty Hall Dilemma, Parrondo Paradox, and Three pancakes problem.
This collection of Analysis Tools can assist students and researchers with questions about study desgin, data analysis, and probability. Topics include sample size, power, survival, binomial probabilities, interaction, Fisher's exact test, one and two sample tests, and more.